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GNDU Question Paper-2022
Bachelor of Business Administration
BBA 5
th
Semester
ENGLISH (Compulsory)
Time Allowed: Three Hours Max. Marks: 50
Note: Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at least One question from each section. The
Fifth question may be attempted from any section. All questions carry equal marks.
SECTION-A
1. (a) Comment on the beginning of the play All My Sons.
(b) Do you think Kate Keller should also be held responsible for Joe's crime? 5
2. Joe Keller's suicide is a punishment he gives to himself but it is also a way in which he
frees himself from his guilt. Discuss.
SECTION-B
3.(a) Why does Auden term the unknown citizen a saint?
(b) What qualities does the mirror attribute to itself?
4. She Walks in Beauty is the male vision of ideal female self. Discuss.
SECTION-C
5. Write a letter to the District Health Officer, drawing his attention towards violation of
Covid-19 safety guidelines in schools.
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6. Write an application to the Chief Manager of Vision Media Infotek for the post of Sales
Manager.
SECTION-D
7. Prepare a resume for the post of Sale Manager in a national level company.
8. Write a business report on the sales possibilities of the new hair shampoo proposed to
be launched by your company in the next year.
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GNDU Answer Paper-2022
Bachelor of Business Administration
BBA 5
th
Semester
ENGLISH (Compulsory)
Time Allowed: Three Hours Max. Marks: 50
Note: Attempt Five questions in all, selecting at least One question from each section. The
Fifth question may be attempted from any section. All questions carry equal marks.
SECTION-A
1. (a) Comment on the beginning of the play All My Sons.
(b) Do you think Kate Keller should also be held responsible for Joe's crime?
Ans: Let’s step not into a classroom, but into a quiet American backyard on a warm August
morning in the late 1940s — because that’s exactly where Arthur Miller invites us as the
curtain rises on All My Sons.
The sun is gentle, birds are chirping, and the Keller family’s comfortable home sits centre
stage. Joe Keller, the cheerful middle-aged factory owner, is reading the paper. A neighbour
passes by for some small talk. Children play. It feels like nothing could go wrong here.
And yet, Miller has planted invisible cracks beneath this bright surface.
(a) Comment on the Beginning of the Play – Peace with a Hint of Storm
The opening is deceptively calm — a “picture-postcard” start. But like a painter hiding
shadows under layers of bright colour, Miller laces it with signals that this harmony is fragile.
1. The Physical Setting as a Character
• The play begins in the Keller family’s yard — not a public place, but the intimate
heart of the home. It represents stability and comfort.
• The broken apple tree in the yard — planted in memory of Larry Keller, their son
missing in the war — is an early symbol. It was destroyed by wind the night before,
suggesting fate may be ready to shake apart the family’s carefully arranged life.
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• This is Miller’s gentle but clear way of warning us: the tree is a foreshadowing of the
truth that will be “blown in” later.
2. Conversation That Seems Casual but Isn’t
Neighbours chat about the weather, the tree, and the newspaper. But in between:
• References to the war remind us this is post–World War II America — a time when
moral questions about profit, patriotism, and sacrifice were in the air.
• Hints about a past scandal — some locals once suspected Joe Keller of supplying
faulty airplane parts — are dropped in small, almost joking ways. These fragments
plant curiosity and unease, letting the audience know that not everything is as
peaceful as it looks.
3. Atmosphere of “Normality” as a Dramatic Device
Miller deliberately starts with warmth, banter, and neighbourliness so the later revelations
hit harder. We’re lulled into trusting this world, only to have that trust shaken as the play
unfolds.
In short: The beginning is like the surface of a calm lake — but a careful viewer can spot
ripples that mean something is moving under the water.
(b) Should Kate Keller Also Be Held Responsible for Joe’s Crime?
Now let’s step into the moral storm at the heart of All My Sons. The “crime” refers to Joe
Keller knowingly allowing defective cylinder heads to be shipped from his factory during the
war, which caused the deaths of 21 pilots. Joe’s partner, Steve Deever, took the official
blame and went to jail. Joe claimed he was sick that day and knew nothing — a lie that
eventually unravels.
Kate Keller, Joe’s wife, did not make that fateful business decision. But should she share the
responsibility? Let’s explore both sides as if we’re weighing the case in a courtroom of
conscience.
1. Arguments for Kate’s Responsibility
a) Her Knowledge of the Truth
• The play makes it clear Kate knows, deep down, that Joe was guilty. She lives with
that knowledge in silence.
• By choosing not to confront or expose Joe, she becomes a silent partner in the cover-
up.
• She maintains the pretence partly to protect their surviving son, Chris, from losing
respect for his father.
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b) Her Support of Joe’s Self-Justification
• Kate bolsters Joe’s defence by insisting Larry is still alive. Her belief isn’t just
emotional — it’s tactical. If Larry were proven dead, she would have to accept that
he died because of Joe’s decision, bringing the moral house down.
• This “denial as defence” means she props up the lie that shields Joe from moral and
legal judgement.
c) Moral Responsibility Through Complicity
• Even if she didn’t sign a single document or make a single phone call, Kate’s choice to
protect Joe rather than the truth makes her complicit in the eyes of morality.
• She benefits from the profits of Joe’s factory, which were secured at the cost of
other men’s lives.
2. Arguments Against Kate’s Responsibility
a) No Direct Role in the Crime
• Kate wasn’t involved in the business decision or the day-to-day operations of the
factory. She had no legal authority or managerial power to stop or change the
shipment.
• The crime was committed before she was fully aware of the facts.
b) Motivated by Survival, Not Malice
• Her primary concern was holding the family together after the trauma of war and
the loss (or presumed loss) of one son.
• Her mental state — clinging desperately to the hope that Larry is alive — is a form of
self-protection. She is not lying to the world in cold blood, but living inside a denial
that shields her from unbearable grief.
c) Gender and Social Context of the 1940s
• In that era, wives were often expected to stand by their husbands in public, even if
they had private doubts.
• Her social and emotional position limited her ability to take independent action
without risking complete personal ruin.
3. A Balanced View
In the “courtroom of the law,” Kate might not be found guilty — there’s no act of hers that
directly caused the pilots’ deaths. But in the “courtroom of conscience,” many readers (and
audiences) see her as sharing a moral responsibility because:
• She knew the truth.
• She chose silence.
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• She actively maintained a false narrative.
Her defence — that she acted out of love and fear — is deeply human, but it doesn’t erase
the fact that her silence allowed Joe’s lie to stand for years.
Why Miller Makes Kate’s Role Complex
Arthur Miller does not draw Kate as a villain. She is warm, protective, and relatable. Many in
the audience may even sympathise with her impossible position:
• Tell the truth and destroy your husband, your family, and yourself.
• Stay silent and protect your loved ones, but carry the weight of guilt.
By writing her this way, Miller is asking a bigger question: When our loyalty to family
conflicts with our duty to society, which should win?
Link Between (a) and (b): How the Beginning Hints at Kate’s Guilt
That calm, neighbourly beginning we saw in part (a) is not just a backdrop — it’s part of
Kate’s strategy.
• The yard, the conversations, the friendly faces: they are the bubble she and Joe have
built to keep the truth out.
• The broken apple tree at the start is a hint that her emotional wall is cracking — the
natural order (truth) is going to intrude.
By the time we fully understand Kate’s awareness of Joe’s guilt, we can look back and see
that the “normality” of the first scene was already an act of preservation — and in that
sense, Kate was already participating in the crime’s concealment.
Humanising the Moral Dilemma
Imagine Kate not as a stage character but as someone you know — perhaps a neighbour, an
aunt, or even your own grandmother. She lived through a time when:
• Families were still grieving the war dead.
• A woman’s social identity was tightly tied to her husband’s.
• Financial survival could depend entirely on the family business.
In such a situation, her silence becomes understandable, even if it isn’t excusable. This is
Miller’s gift — he shows us that moral failings often come wrapped in love, fear, and the
desire to protect our own.
For Your Exams – Clear Points to Remember
(a) Beginning of All My Sons:
• Peaceful domestic setting with undertones of unease.
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• The broken apple tree as foreshadowing.
• Casual talk laced with hints about Joe’s past scandal.
• Use of contrast between apparent harmony and hidden tension.
(b) Kate Keller’s Responsibility:
• She knew Joe’s guilt and stayed silent — moral complicity.
• She upheld denial to protect family unity.
• Legally blameless (no direct role), but ethically questionable.
• Her context: love for family, 1940s societal norms, grief.
Closing Thoughts
The beginning of All My Sons works like a polite smile that hides a deep personal tragedy.
It’s inviting, familiar — and quietly loaded with the weight of what’s unsaid. Kate Keller
stands at the heart of that silence. Whether you see her as a protector or an enabler, Miller
makes it impossible to look away from the question she embodies:
Do we owe our highest loyalty to the people we love most, or to the greater circle of “all
our sons”?
2. Joe Keller's suicide is a punishment he gives to himself but it is also a way in which he
frees himself from his guilt. Discuss.
Ans: Understanding the Dual Nature of Joe’s Suicide
The statement “Joe Keller’s suicide is a punishment he gives to himself but it is also a way in
which he…” invites us to see it as two intertwined acts:
1. A self-imposed sentence — an admission of guilt so complete that no court could
match it.
2. An escape hatch — a way to release his family from the crushing weight of his
continued presence and the shame he has brought.
Part One: Suicide as Self-Punishment
1. The Weight of Realisation
Joe begins the play convinced — or pretending to be convinced — that his decision to ship
defective airplane parts was a regrettable but necessary move to “save the business.” He
sees the 21 pilots who died as unfortunate statistics, not as his direct responsibility.
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But the turning point comes when Chris — his idealistic, honour-driven son — forces him to
see the dead pilots as “all our sons.” These words strip away his business logic and make it
personal:
• Those men were not strangers; they were young, like Chris, with mothers and
fathers.
• His gain was their loss of life.
This shattering realisation plants a thought Joe cannot unthink: that he is not just guilty in a
legal sense, but morally and humanly corrupt in the deepest way.
2. No External Sentence Can Match It
Joe has escaped formal punishment through deceit, letting his partner Steve Deever take
the blame. But once the truth is exposed within his family, the “court” that matters most —
the judgement of Chris and Kate — delivers its verdict in silence and grief.
If he lives, he must face:
• The contempt of his surviving son.
• The knowledge that he betrayed his own moral duties.
• The collapse of his self-image as a “good man” who worked for his family’s future.
In Joe’s mind, death becomes the only punishment severe enough to fit his crime. The
gunshot is the sentence carried out — by the guilty, upon the guilty.
Part Two: Suicide as Escape for the Family
1. Removing Himself as the Source of Pain
Joe is acutely aware of the damage his presence now causes:
• For Chris: Living with a father he cannot respect would be like living with a stranger.
• For Kate: Her years of denial have been shattered; she can’t protect Joe anymore
without losing her son entirely.
By ending his life, Joe perhaps believes he is giving Chris the freedom to live without being
tied to a father’s disgrace — a way to salvage whatever future Chris can still build.
2. Protecting the Family Legacy (in a Twisted Way)
Joe has always been obsessed with preserving the family name and business. Now that his
guilt is undeniable, his continued survival would mean:
• Public scandal.
• Possible renewed legal action.
• Financial ruin for his wife and son.
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His suicide cuts short the chain reaction. There’s no drawn-out trial, no press coverage
splashing “Keller Guilty” across headlines — just a tragic end that leaves room for others to
craft a softer version of his story.
3. A Final Act of Control
Throughout the play, Joe has been a man who prides himself on being in control — of his
business, his household, and his destiny. His suicide is, in one sense, an assertion of that
control:
• The choice of when and how to “leave the stage” is his.
• He spares himself the spectacle of a public fall.
• He turns a coming humiliation into a private, decisive act.
The Emotional and Thematic Impact
1. On the Audience
Joe’s suicide lands with the weight of inevitability and tragedy. Miller does not present it as
heroic — it is too late to undo the harm — but as a fittingly irreversible consequence for a
crime that cost lives.
We feel:
• Pity for a man who realises too late what decency demanded.
• Horror at how the American Dream, twisted into ruthless self-preservation, can
corrode moral judgement.
• Sorrow for a family left to piece themselves together with guilt and grief as their only
inheritance.
2. On Chris Keller
For Chris, Joe’s death is a mixed blow:
• It validates that his father understood the depth of his wrong.
• It robs him of any chance to work through forgiveness or reconciliation.
• It leaves him burdened with deciding what to do with his father’s legacy —
materially and morally.
3. On Kate Keller
Kate, who spent the play protecting Joe through denial, must now face:
• The reality she avoided for so long.
• The loneliness of losing both sons in different ways — Larry to war, Joe to his own
guilt.
• The challenge of supporting Chris, who now carries the family forward alone.
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A Larger Moral Frame
Arthur Miller uses Joe’s suicide to drive home the central moral argument of All My Sons:
Personal responsibility extends beyond one’s immediate family to the larger human
family. Joe’s fatal error was in seeing his duty only to “his own” and excusing harm to
others. In death, he finally accepts that the pilots were his sons too — and that the only
reparation left is to remove himself from the world he wronged.
SECTION-B
3.(a) Why does Auden term the unknown citizen a saint?
(b) What qualities does the mirror attribute to itself?
Ans: Part A: Why Auden Terms the Unknown Citizen a “Saint”
Imagine walking into a plaza and stopping before a massive white monument. At its base is
an inscription, not naming a hero for bravery or a poet for beauty, but praising “JS/07 M
378” — a man identified only by a bureaucratic code. This is the “unknown citizen” of
Auden’s poem.
1. The Bureaucratic Voice
The poem is written as though an official report were being read aloud by a government or
state agency. It lists the man’s virtues, not in emotional or human terms, but in statistics and
compliance:
• He worked for the same firm for years.
• Paid his union dues.
• Bought a newspaper daily.
• Had the right number of children.
• Owned the modern conveniences expected of a citizen.
The tone is calm, detached, and oddly proud — as though the speaker were ticking boxes on
a form.
2. “Saint” in the Modern Sense — Obedience and Conformity
When Auden calls him a “saint”, it’s not the religious saint who performs miracles or
sacrifices himself for the greater good. Instead, it’s an ironic saint of the modern state — a
model citizen who:
• Never caused trouble.
• Did exactly what society expected.
• Avoided questioning authority.
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• Lived by the rules without challenging them.
In traditional religion, sainthood is about moral courage and personal sacrifice for higher
ideals. In Auden’s satirical world, sainthood is redefined as perfect conformity.
This is why the inscription says, in effect: “For in everything he did, he served the Greater
Community.” The irony is that serving the community here means surrendering
individuality.
3. The Irony Behind the Praise
Auden wants us to feel the gap between the official praise and the missing personal truth.
The government report never tells us:
• Was he happy?
• Did he agree with the system he served?
• Did he feel fulfilled, or trapped?
At the end, the speaker asks: "Was he free? Was he happy? The question is absurd:" — as if
personal freedom and happiness don’t even matter in measuring a citizen’s life.
4. Why the Word “Saint” Works So Powerfully
Calling him a saint:
• Elevates him superficially — showing how the state canonises obedience.
• Exposes the hollowness — because sainthood without individuality is mechanical,
not moral.
• Invites satire — making us see how modern systems value compliance over truth.
In essence: Auden uses “saint” to show how a life lived without protest, without personal
rebellion, and without visible “faults” is celebrated by the system, even if it may have been
empty of true human spirit.
Part B: What Qualities the Mirror Attributes to Itself
Now, step away from the sunlit monument and into a small, still room. In front of you hangs
a mirror — simple, square, silent — but in Sylvia Plath’s poem Mirror, it begins to speak.
Where Auden gave us an external voice evaluating a life, Plath lets the mirror itself tell us
what it is.
1. Truthfulness
The very first quality the mirror claims is absolute honesty. It says it has “no
preconceptions”:
• It reflects exactly what it sees, without distortion or editing.
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• It does not soften the truth to flatter, nor make it harsher out of malice.
The mirror is almost proud of being an objective observer. It is free from human bias, vanity,
or emotion.
2. Lack of Bias or Emotion
The mirror insists it is “unmisted by love or dislike”. This means:
• It doesn’t let affection make someone look better than they are.
• It doesn’t let resentment make someone look worse.
• It simply shows reality as it is, every time.
This contrasts sharply with human eyes, which can be clouded by feelings, memories, or
desires.
3. Exactness and Faithfulness
The mirror describes itself as “faithful”:
• It keeps showing the same truth consistently over time.
• It becomes a silent witness to the passing years.
This constancy makes it a kind of record-keeper of change — especially in the human face.
4. Depth and Perception
Although it seems flat, the mirror says it has a kind of depth:
• It compares itself to a lake when a woman looks into it.
• Like a lake, it can show the surface image but also hint at deeper truths — for those
willing to look closely.
5. A Witness to Time and Aging
The mirror spends much of its “life” reflecting a wall across from it, but also the faces that
appear before it. Over the years:
• It has watched a woman grow older.
• It sees her search its surface desperately for signs of lost youth.
• It reflects not just a physical image, but the passage of time and the inevitability of
change.
This gives the mirror an almost sad wisdom — it knows that what it shows is often
unwelcome.
6. Unsentimental Honesty
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The mirror never lies to make its owner feel better. This makes it both trusted and feared:
• People come to it for truth.
• But they also dread that truth when it reveals the lines, gray hairs, or weary eyes
they wish not to see.
Linking the Two Poems — Two Different Truths
Though they are very different, Auden’s “unknown citizen” and Plath’s “mirror” share an
important thread: both are about how truth is recorded and presented.
• In The Unknown Citizen, truth is filtered through official records, statistics, and public
conformity — a truth that omits the inner life.
• In Mirror, truth is literal and unfiltered, but it too leaves out emotion — it records
without interpreting.
Both ask us: Is truth without humanity enough? Auden’s report ignores the man’s feelings.
Plath’s mirror shows the woman’s face without feeling what she feels. We are left to realise
that true understanding might need both accuracy and empathy.
For Your Exam – Key Points to Remember
(a) Why “saint” for the unknown citizen:
• Irony: sainthood redefined as complete obedience to the state.
• Praised for conformity, not courage.
• No mention of personal freedom or happiness.
• Highlights a society that values statistics over humanity.
(b) Qualities of the mirror:
• Absolute truthfulness and lack of bias.
• Faithfulness over time.
• Objective observer — unmisted by love or dislike.
• Records the passage of time and aging.
• Reflects without judgment, but also without comfort.
Closing Thoughts
Auden’s “saint” is a warning: a life can be “perfect” in the eyes of the system yet empty of
real human joy or choice. Plath’s mirror is a reminder: truth without compassion can be
hard to face, even if it is accurate.
Both works leave us standing — whether in front of a monument or before a mirror —
asking not just, “What is being shown?” but also, “What is being left out?”
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And perhaps, in the end, the real challenge is to live a life that would satisfy both — the
state’s records and the mirror’s gaze — without losing the messy, individual humanity that
makes us more than just a name, or a reflection.
4. She Walks in Beauty is the male vision of ideal female self. Discuss.
Ans: Let’s not begin in a lecture hall or with a dictionary definition — instead, imagine
stepping into a grand evening party in early 19th-century London. Crystal chandeliers glow
overhead, orchestras play in the distance, and finely dressed guests mingle in velvet-draped
rooms.
By the doorway, Lord Byron — poet, aristocrat, and legendary observer of beauty — catches
sight of a woman entering the room. She’s dressed in a simple yet elegant black gown,
embroidered with sparkling sequins that mirror the starlight from the chandeliers. Her
beauty strikes him so profoundly that he later turns the moment into one of his most
famous poems: "She Walks in Beauty."
But here’s the twist — Byron’s gaze, and the way he frames her beauty, tells us as much
about his ideals of femininity as it does about the woman herself. The poem becomes a
window into the male vision of the “ideal female self” in the Romantic era.
1. Context — A Moment Turned into Poetry
Before we unpack the “male vision” part, it’s important to know the spark behind the poem.
Byron supposedly wrote She Walks in Beauty after seeing his cousin by marriage, Lady
Wilmot Horton, at a party. She was in mourning, wearing a black dress set with spangles,
and Byron was struck by the contrast — the dark gown, the sparkle of jewels, and her
serene demeanor.
Romantic poets like Byron were fascinated by moments where emotion, beauty, and
imagination collided. This one image of a woman walking through a ballroom became, for
Byron, a symbol of perfect harmony between outer beauty and inner purity.
2. How the Poem Frames the “Ideal Woman”
In the poem’s opening lines, Byron says:
"She walks in beauty, like the night Of cloudless climes and starry skies…"
Right away, he makes an important choice — comparing her to the night rather than the
more obvious “day.” In the male Romantic imagination, the ideal woman often carries
mystery — her beauty isn’t blinding or harsh, but gentle, soft, and balanced.
A. Balance of Opposites
Byron’s language repeatedly blends contrasts:
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• Darkness and brightness.
• Mind and body.
• Grace and strength.
For the male poet, this balance is alluring because it feels complete but not overpowering.
He admires beauty that is in harmony — never too much of one quality, always perfectly
proportioned.
3. External Beauty as a Reflection of Inner Goodness
One key aspect of the “ideal female self” in Byron’s poem is that physical beauty is
inseparable from moral virtue. The second stanza moves beyond describing her appearance
to suggesting that her calm face and soft glow reflect a pure and peaceful mind.
Byron suggests:
• Her serenity signals a lack of guilt or turmoil.
• Her smile shows kindness.
• Her grace is effortless because it comes from goodness within.
This reflects a very traditional — and male — expectation of the time: that a woman’s
outward beauty should be a visible sign of her inner moral “perfection.”
4. Passivity and the Gaze
In the poem, the woman does not speak. She doesn’t even seem to interact with the poet
directly. She is presented as an object of admiration — static, silent, and unaware.
This is key to understanding the “male vision”:
• She is not active; she is observed.
• Her value, in the poem, lies in inspiring emotion in the male speaker, not in
expressing her own perspective.
• She fulfills the role of a muse rather than a participant.
This passivity was part of the 19th-century masculine ideal of femininity: a “perfect” woman
was modest, self-contained, and did not assert herself in public spaces.
5. The Romantic Ideal vs. Real Women
The Byron we see here is not describing a woman with flaws, strong opinions, or personal
complexities — qualities real women have. He is capturing an ideal, sculpted through male
desire:
• She is effortlessly beautiful without needing to try.
• She is virtuous without needing to struggle.
• She is perfectly balanced — not too bold, not too shy.
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For women in Byron’s era, this was both a compliment and a cage: an image to aspire to,
but also a narrow role that limited self-expression.
6. The Male Vision in Literary Tradition
Byron’s portrayal fits into a long literary tradition where men define “ideal” womanhood:
• Petrarchan love poetry idealised women as unattainable, perfect beings who
elevated the male poet’s soul.
• Victorian moral ideals later emphasised domesticity and moral purity.
In She Walks in Beauty, Byron fuses Romantic aesthetic values (harmony, balance, nature
imagery) with older ideals of feminine modesty and moral virtue.
7. The Role of Nature Imagery
Nature is often coded as feminine in Romantic poetry, and Byron uses it to frame the
woman’s beauty:
• “Like the night” suggests mystery and softness.
• “Cloudless climes” and “starry skies” suggest purity and calm brilliance.
• The mixing of “shade” and “ray” shows balance — she contains opposites in perfect
proportion.
By equating her to nature, Byron presents her as something eternal, unchanging, and pure
— again, a male fantasy of the ideal woman, untouched by the complications of real life.
8. What’s Left Out
To understand why this is a male vision, it’s as important to notice what is absent:
• We learn nothing about her thoughts, ambitions, or voice.
• There’s no acknowledgement that her grace might have been learned, or that her
serenity might hide personal struggles.
• She is perfect as seen from the outside — entirely framed by the male gaze.
9. Why This Vision Appealed to Men of Byron’s Era
In the early 1800s, British society was still deeply patriarchal:
• Women had limited political rights.
• The “ideal” was domestic, modest, morally pure, and aesthetically pleasing.
• Female education was often focused on refinement, manners, and appearance, not
intellectual ambition.
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Byron’s poem reflects — and reinforces — these values. The woman is not valued for public
achievement or intellect; she is treasured for her beauty, virtue, and ability to exist as a
source of male inspiration.
10. Modern Reflections — Admiration and Critique
Today, readers often find She Walks in Beauty gorgeous in its imagery and rhythm — it’s a
masterclass in Romantic lyric poetry. But modern feminist readings also critique:
• The reduction of a woman to her physical appearance and assumed morality.
• The lack of her own agency or voice in the portrayal.
• The way “perfection” is defined entirely through male perception.
This doesn’t mean Byron’s admiration is insincere — rather, it’s shaped by his cultural
moment and by a long tradition where men wrote the “script” for what made a woman
ideal.
SECTION-C
5. Write a letter to the District Health Officer, drawing his attention towards violation of
Covid-19 safety guidelines in schools.
Ans: Your Address H.No. 56, Green Avenue Amritsar – 143001
Date: 23 August 2025
To The District Health Officer Civil Surgeon’s Office Amritsar, Punjab
Subject: Violation of Covid-19 Safety Guidelines in Schools – Request for Immediate
Intervention
Respected Sir/Madam,
I wish to bring to your attention a matter of serious concern regarding the disregard of
Covid-19 safety protocols in certain schools within our district. As a resident and parent, I
have personally observed repeated lapses that place students, staff, and their families at
unnecessary risk.
During the morning arrival period at one of the prominent local schools, many students
have been entering the premises without masks or wearing them improperly. There has
been no thermal screening at the gates and no provision for hand sanitisation upon entry.
Several staff members themselves were seen without face coverings. Inside classrooms,
desks are placed very close together, windows remain shut for long durations, and no effort
is made to maintain physical distancing during assemblies.
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These practices clearly violate the Covid-19 guidelines issued by the Ministry of Health &
Family Welfare and reiterated by the State Education Department, which require:
• Proper mask usage by all staff and students.
• Daily temperature checks before entry.
• Adequate ventilation in classrooms.
• Maintenance of safe distance at all times.
• Readily available handwashing or sanitiser facilities.
Given that schools are spaces of prolonged close contact, such neglect could lead to rapid
transmission and, potentially, to clusters of infection in our community.
I therefore request that your office:
1. Conduct surprise inspections of schools to assess compliance.
2. Issue strict warnings or penalties to those flouting norms.
3. Organise awareness sessions for school management on the importance of
continued vigilance.
Your timely intervention will not only safeguard the health of our children but also reinforce
the seriousness of public health measures across the district. I am prepared to provide more
specific details or evidence if required.
Thank you for your prompt attention to this important issue.
Yours faithfully,
(Signature) Rahul Sharma
6. Write an application to the Chief Manager of Vision Media Infotek for the post of Sales
Manager.
Ans: Your Address: H.No. 56, Green Avenue Amritsar – 143001
Date: 23 August 2025
To The Chief Manager Vision Media Infotek Sector 32, Industrial Area Chandigarh – 160030
Subject: Application for the Post of Sales Manager
Respected Sir/Madam,
In response to your recent advertisement for the position of Sales Manager, I am submitting
my application for your kind consideration. With over seven years of progressive
experience in sales, client relationship management, and team leadership in the media and
Easy2Siksha.com
technology sector, I am confident in my ability to contribute significantly to Vision Media
Infotek’s continued growth.
In my previous role as Senior Sales Executive at BrightEdge Solutions, I successfully led a
team of twelve sales professionals, achieving an average of 120% of quarterly sales targets
for three consecutive years. My expertise lies in developing strategic sales plans, fostering
long-term client partnerships, and introducing data-driven solutions to expand market
share. I am skilled at motivating teams to exceed goals while ensuring exemplary service
standards for customers.
What excites me most about Vision Media Infotek is your reputation for innovation and
excellence in delivering integrated media technology solutions. I believe my strong
communication skills, analytical mindset, and proven track record in negotiating high-value
contracts align with the requirements of this role.
I would welcome the opportunity to discuss how my skills and experience can benefit your
organisation. My résumé is enclosed for your review. I am available for an interview at your
convenience and can be reached at +91-XXXXXXXXXX or via email at [your email address].
Thank you for considering my application. I look forward to the possibility of contributing to
your team’s success.
Yours faithfully,
SECTION-D
7. Prepare a resume for the post of Sale Manager in a national level company.
Ans: NAME: Rohit Sharma
Address: H.No. 56, Green Avenue, Amritsar – 143001
Phone: +91-98XXXXXXXX
Email: rohit.sharma@email.com
LinkedIn: linkedin.com/in/rohitsharma
Career Objective
Dynamic and target-driven sales professional with over 7 years’ experience in achieving
revenue growth, building high-performance teams, and developing strategic sales initiatives
across diverse markets. Seeking the position of Sales Manager in a national-level
organisation to leverage my expertise in client acquisition, relationship management, and
market expansion.
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Professional Summary
• Proven track record of consistently exceeding sales targets in competitive
environments.
• Strong leadership skills with experience managing teams of 10+ sales executives.
• Adept at developing and executing data-driven sales strategies.
• Skilled negotiator with extensive experience in closing high-value contracts.
• Proficient in CRM platforms, MS Office Suite, and sales analytics tools.
Key Skills
• Strategic Sales Planning
• Team Leadership & Training
• Market Research & Competitor Analysis
• Key Account Management
• Negotiation & Deal Closure
• Customer Relationship Management (CRM)
• Sales Forecasting & Reporting
• Communication & Presentation Skills
Work Experience
Senior Sales Executive – BrightEdge Solutions, Chandigarh Jan 2020 – Present
• Led a team of 12 sales professionals, achieving 120% of quarterly targets for three
consecutive years.
• Designed and implemented territory sales plans resulting in 25% market share
growth.
• Negotiated and closed corporate deals worth ₹5 crore annually.
• Conducted monthly training sessions, improving team closing ratio by 18%.
Sales Executive – Horizon Media Pvt. Ltd., Delhi Jun 2015 – Dec 2019
• Maintained relationships with over 150 key clients nationwide.
• Increased client retention rate by 22% through customised service solutions.
• Generated leads through industry events, resulting in ₹1.5 crore in new business
annually.
Education
MBA (Marketing) – Punjab University, Chandigarh – 2015 B.Com – Guru Nanak Dev
University, Amritsar – 2013
Certifications
• Certified Professional Sales Leader (CPSL) – 2022
• Advanced Negotiation Skills – 2021
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Achievements
• Awarded “Top Sales Performer” for three consecutive years (2021, 2022, 2023).
• Expanded company client base by 30% within two years through innovative outreach
campaigns.
Languages
• English – Fluent
• Hindi – Fluent
• Punjabi – Native
References
Available on request.
8. Write a business report on the sales possibilities of the new hair shampoo proposed to
be launched by your company in the next year.
Ans: Business Report
On the Sales Possibilities of the New Hair Shampoo Proposed for Launch in 2026
Prepared for: Management Board, [Your Company Name] Prepared by: Marketing & Sales
Strategy Division Date: 23 August 2025
1. Executive Summary
This report evaluates the potential sales opportunities for the new hair shampoo our
company plans to launch in Q2 2026. Based on current market trends, consumer behaviour
analysis, competitor benchmarking, and distribution capabilities, the product has the
potential to secure a 6–8% market share within its first year, translating into projected sales
revenue of ₹18–22 crore.
The findings indicate strong growth potential in both urban and semi-urban markets,
particularly within the “natural ingredients” and “anti-hair fall” sub-segments.
2. Product Overview
The proposed shampoo is designed as a premium-yet-affordable daily care product
featuring:
• Sulphate-free, paraben-free formulation.
• Key active ingredients: Aloe vera, argan oil, and biotin.
• Variants targeted at anti-hair fall, dandruff control, and extra shine.
• Pack sizes: 80 ml (trial), 200 ml (regular), 500 ml (family pack).
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• Eco-friendly packaging using recyclable materials.
3. Market Analysis
3.1 Industry Size & Growth
• The Indian shampoo market is valued at approximately ₹15,000 crore (2025),
growing at 7–8% annually.
• The “herbal/natural” segment is the fastest-growing, at nearly 12% CAGR.
3.2 Consumer Trends
• Increased focus on hair health post-pandemic; preference for mild, chemical-free
products.
• Demand for products that combine effectiveness + sustainability.
• Younger consumers influenced by social media marketing and influencer
endorsements.
3.3 Target Audience
• Primary: Women aged 18–40, urban and tier-2 city dwellers, income bracket ₹4–12
lakh/year.
• Secondary: Men aged 20–35 seeking daily-care products.
• Tertiary: Family buyers looking for bulk packs with value pricing.
4. Competitive Landscape
Major competitors:
• HUL’s Dove & Clinic Plus – strong brand loyalty, urban presence.
• Patanjali & Himalaya – dominating the herbal segment.
• L’Oréal & Tresemmé – premium price positioning.
Opportunity: There’s a mid-price gap between mass brands and high-end products. A
herbal-active formula with a fresh brand image can capture consumers moving “up” from
low-cost brands without committing to expensive salon products.
5. SWOT Analysis
Strengths
Weaknesses
Innovative natural formulation
New entrant in a crowded market
Competitive mid-pricing
Limited initial brand awareness
Established distribution
network
Marketing budget constraints compared to FMCG
giants
Eco-friendly packaging
Need to prove efficacy quickly
Opportunities
Threats
Rising demand for herbal/safe shampoos
Aggressive competitor promotions
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Social media influencer campaigns
Volatile raw material costs
Expanding tier-2 and tier-3 markets
Regulatory changes in cosmetic labelling
6. Sales Forecast (First Year)
Quarter
Projected Units Sold
Revenue (₹ crore)
Q2 2026 (Launch)
3,50,000
5.5
Q3 2026
4,50,000
6.8
Q4 2026
5,25,000
7.8
Q1 2027
6,00,000
9.0
Total
19,25,000
29.1
Note: Conservative scenario estimates 60–70% of above, optimistic scenario estimates 110–
120%.
7. Marketing & Distribution Strategy
• Launch Campaign: Digital-first, influencer tie-ups, free trial sachets.
• Retail Presence: Placement in modern trade (Big Bazaar, Reliance Smart) and top
general trade outlets.
• E-commerce: Exclusive launch offers on Amazon, Flipkart, Nykaa.
• Promotions: Introductory discounts, combo offers with conditioners and serums.
• Sampling: Distribute 1 lakh sample sachets in salons, gyms, and corporate offices.
8. Risk Assessment
• Brand Differentiation Risk: Must maintain clear USP in marketing to avoid being
seen as “just another herbal shampoo.”
• Price Wars: Competitors may counter with aggressive discounts.
• Supply Chain Disruptions: Plan for alternate sourcing of key ingredients.
9. Recommendations
1. Finalise three key variants for phased release to avoid SKU overload.
2. Allocate at least 25% of first-year marketing budget to influencer and social media
campaigns.
3. Engage dermatologists/hair experts for endorsement to build credibility.
4. Monitor customer feedback closely in the first 3 months; be prepared for quick
reformulation or packaging tweaks if required.
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10. Conclusion
The analysis shows that the proposed shampoo, with its natural formulation and
competitive pricing, has strong sales potential if launched with focused marketing,
aggressive distribution, and clear brand messaging. Capturing even a modest share of the
herbal shampoo segment will position the company for sustainable growth in the haircare
market.
“This paper has been carefully prepared for educational purposes. If you notice any mistakes or
have suggestions, feel free to share your feedback.”
